What type of activities does investing typically encompass?

Investing typically encompasses activities that involve the acquisition of assets or resources with the expectation that they will generate future returns or appreciate in value. Purchasing real estate and equipment fall squarely into this category, as both are long-term investments aimed at enhancing a company's capacity to generate revenue, improve operational efficiency, or create value over time.

Investments like real estate might appreciate in value and can provide rental income, while equipment purchases typically lead to better production capabilities or efficiencies that can ultimately drive profits. This proactive acquisition of productive assets distinguishes investing from other financial activities that do not necessarily involve asset accumulation with expectations of future returns.

Other options, such as paying dividends to shareholders, collecting accounts receivable, and issuing corporate bonds, do not inherently relate to the act of investing in productive assets. Instead, they represent different facets of a company's financial management or operational activities.